Palmitate retinol is the main form of vitamin A naturally present in the skin, yet external factors such as sun exposure can cause epidermal deficiencies, making topical application essential. When applied to the skin, vitamin A helps normalize keratinization and regulate the growth and differentiation of epithelial cells, ensuring healthy renewal of the epidermis. It further stimulates the synthesis of collagen and hyaluronic acid, key components for firmness and hydration, while also supporting cellular turnover and resilience. In addition, vitamin A contributes to controlling cutaneous bacterial flora and absorbs ultraviolet radiation, thereby protecting cellular structures from oxidative stress and preventing long-term damage.
nVitamin B12 Nutrition delivers methylcobalamin (vitamin B12) using polymeric nanoparticles made from natural ingredients, providing an advanced system that enhances stability, protection, and delivery. Vitamin B12 plays a key role
nPhytosphingosine contains phytosphingosine encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles averaging 200 nm. This size improves penetration into the animal’s skin and fur and ensures gradual release. After application, the nanoparticles form an
nChlorhexidine contains chlorhexidine encapsulated in moisturizing nanoparticles for topical veterinary use. Studies show that nanoencapsulation increases absorption in the stratum corneum and enables sustained release. This prolonged release extends activity