nThioglycolic contains thioglycolic acid, a mercaptocarboxylic acid that appears as a colorless liquid with a strong odor. In cosmetics, it is used to treat skin hyperpigmentation, especially dark circles in the periocular area. The formula includes nanoparticles of thioglycolic acid combined with an odor-neutralizing agent. This system masks the unpleasant smell of the active ingredient and improves the sensory profile of the final product, making it more pleasant to use.
nVitamin E delivers tocopheryl acetate encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles, enhancing stability, absorption, and skin compatibility. Naturally present in the skin, vitamin E levels decline under oxidative stress caused by UV
nNeem contains nanoencapsulated neem oil recommended for insect and ectoparasite repellency. Neem oil comes from the seeds of the Azadirachta indica tree. It is rich in fatty acids such as
Palmitate retinol is the main form of vitamin A naturally present in the skin, yet external factors such as sun exposure can cause epidermal deficiencies, making topical application essential. When